Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in men and women in the United States, following prostate and breast cancer respectively, according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). In 2024, nearly a quarter of a million people are expected to be diagnosed with lung cancer, with around 125,000 fatalities anticipated.
While smoking is a major contributor, causing approximately 80% of lung cancer deaths, it’s not the only risk factor. Dr. Alejandra Ellison-Barnes from the Johns Hopkins Tobacco Treatment and Cancer Screening Clinic emphasizes that quitting smoking can bring immediate health benefits, highlighting the importance of cessation in reducing lung cancer risk.
However, smoking isn’t the sole cause. Experts point out that genetics and other environmental factors also play significant roles. Even nonsmokers can be at risk due to exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution, asbestos, diesel exhaust, and radon—a colorless, odorless radioactive gas found in rocks, soil, and some fossil fuels.
The ACS also acknowledges that some cases of lung cancer may arise from unexplained or unidentified factors. Thus, it’s crucial for everyone to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical attention if they notice any warning signs, such as a persistent cough, coughing up blood, recurrent infections like bronchitis or pneumonia, chest pain, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or breathing difficulties.
Early detection and treatment are vital. Dr. Ellison-Barnes advises those who smoke to get screened for lung cancer, even in the absence of symptoms, as early intervention can significantly improve outcomes.
